how to dig out crawl space

3 min read 23-01-2025

A crawl space, that low, often dark area under your house, can be a source of problems if not properly maintained. Moisture, pests, and poor ventilation are common issues. One solution is digging out the crawl space to increase its height and improve accessibility. This comprehensive guide outlines how to dig out a crawl space safely and effectively. Digging out a crawl space is a significant undertaking, and this article provides detailed steps to ensure success.

Assessing Your Crawl Space

Before grabbing a shovel, carefully assess the existing crawl space.

1. Determine the Existing Conditions

Height: Measure the current height of your crawl space. How much additional height do you need?
Soil Type: Is the soil clay, sand, gravel, or something else? This greatly impacts the difficulty of excavation. Clay can be very difficult to work with.
Moisture Level: Is the crawl space damp or excessively wet? High moisture can make digging difficult and create safety hazards. You may need drainage solutions.
Utilities: Locate all underground utilities – gas lines, water pipes, electrical cables – before you begin digging. Contact your local utility companies to mark their locations. This is crucial for safety. Never assume you know where they are.
Foundation Support: Examine your foundation. Is it strong enough to support the increased weight of soil removed? Consult a structural engineer if you have any doubts.

2. Planning Your Excavation

Permitting: Check your local building codes and obtain any necessary permits. Requirements vary by location.
Access: Plan how you will access the crawl space during and after the excavation. Will you need to create a larger access point?
Materials: Determine what materials you'll need: shovels, wheelbarrows, possibly a backhoe for larger spaces, safety gear (gloves, safety glasses, hard hat), and possibly dehumidifiers or other moisture control equipment.
Disposal: Plan how you will dispose of the excavated soil. You may need to hire a dumpster or have the soil hauled away.

Digging Out Your Crawl Space: A Step-by-Step Guide

Once you've assessed your crawl space and made your plans, you can begin the excavation.

1. Begin Excavation

Start Small: Begin by digging small sections at a time, carefully removing soil and monitoring the foundation's stability. Work slowly and methodically.
Support Structures: If necessary, install temporary support structures (like shoring) to prevent the soil from collapsing into the crawl space. This is especially important in loose soil.
Regular Checks: Regularly check the foundation for any signs of stress or damage. Stop work immediately if you see anything concerning.

2. Moisture Control

Drainage: If the crawl space is damp, install a drainage system to prevent water accumulation. This might involve installing a sump pump.
Vapor Barrier: Install a vapor barrier to prevent moisture from the ground from entering the crawl space. This is crucial for long-term control of moisture.
Ventilation: Ensure adequate ventilation to prevent moisture buildup. This often involves installing vents in the foundation walls.

3. Finishing Touches

Backfilling: Once you've achieved the desired depth, carefully backfill the excavated area around the foundation with compacted gravel or other suitable material. This provides good drainage and a stable base.
Final Inspection: Have a qualified professional inspect your work before closing up the crawl space. This ensures everything is safe and compliant with building codes.

Safety First!

Wear appropriate safety gear: Always wear gloves, safety glasses, and a hard hat while digging.
Use caution: Be careful not to damage any utilities. If you hit a utility line, stop immediately and contact the appropriate authorities.
Ventilation: Ensure adequate ventilation to avoid breathing dust or hazardous gases.

When to Call a Professional

While you may be able to dig out a small crawl space yourself, larger or more complex projects are best left to professionals. Consider hiring a professional if:

You lack the necessary experience or tools.
The soil is particularly challenging to work with (e.g., very rocky or clay-rich).
There are concerns about foundation stability.
The project involves significant changes to the crawl space's structure.

Digging out a crawl space is a significant project that requires careful planning and execution. Prioritize safety, and don't hesitate to seek professional help if needed. By following these steps and prioritizing safety, you can successfully improve your crawl space and enhance your home's overall condition. Remember, proper planning and attention to detail are key to a successful project.